Darfur+Genocide

Thesis for Darfur Project: Although the genocide caused disease, displacement, and claimed the lives of many citizens, is it justified for the government of Darfur to take action against something they felt they were losing power to?

-genocide is affecting other african nations because must set their problems aside and aid darfur. -how many other african nations are supporting the idea of libya’s Treki? -had deadline for peace in 2004 but the conflict still in effect, so negociations not going as planned. -rep of libya, Ali Treki, says to stop humanitarian imports to darfur. -wants african union (au) to serve as mediation for opposing groups. -seizes this as opportunity to focus on other national problems. -believes only way to find peace is if darfur complies, somewhat of a self-resolution. -other nations should only work as peace negociators not allies in battle.
 * CCQs **
 * Main Ideas **

Source: sudan tribune- Libya warns against foreign intervention in Darfur

** Comments, Questions, Connections **
 * Seems like this professor only focuses on the terms Arabs and Africans and how they are vaguely used.
 * Why hasn’t any commission or conference taken drastic steps into stopping the genocide?

** Main Ideas **
 * Professor Mahmood Mamdani is one of top 100 intellectuals says that estimates of killings in genocide is “inaccurate”.
 * Arab vs. African is very vague and includes everyone of that ethnicity when in reality only small group of Arabs who don’t have homeland fight.
 * Says conflict was started because not enough land to go around for the Arabs and Africans living in the northern Darfur.
 * Thinks people use term “Arabs vs. Africans” so Darfur could grab attention of West and force them to help them because it is racist conflict.
 * He agrees with ICC that negotiations should not continue because it allows more time for genocide to continue.
 * UN Commission believes all efforts of stopping genocide should come through negotiations.
 * It’s “genocide” because compared to other battles, not much killing. Also, its an internal conflict between tribes and gov’t got involved starting 1995.
 * Use statistics of deaths as evidence for in/direct effect of genocide.

** Summary ** According to this professor’s point of view, the debate in Darfur was caused by the split of territory in that area, causing the “Arabs” and “Africans” to develop tension. So far nothing is done to stop the massive killing other than peace-negotiations that have not worked. The conflict in Darfur is considered genocide because it has fewer deaths and killings than conflicts in Iraq and other nations. Since the government did not interfere with the conflict until 1995, the conflict is referred to as an internal conflict, or genocide.

Source: [|Sudan Watch]

**Comments, Questions, Connections **

 · Why would the govt be bias if they are representing the entire nation? · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">This is similar to the holocaust where people couldn’t stop massive killing (again). · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Why would the rebel groups attack the military if they were in the process of negotiating peace?

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Main Ideas **

<span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; tabstops: .25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in 1.5in 1.75in 2.0in 2.25in 2.5in 2.75in 3.0in 3.25in 3.5in 3.75in 4.0in 4.25in 4.5in 4.75in 5.0in 5.25in 5.5in 5.75in 6.0in 6.25in 6.5in 6.75in 7.0in 7.25in 7.5in 7.75in 8.0in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">People responsible for killing were Arab militias supported by govt. <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; tabstops: .25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in 1.5in 1.75in 2.0in 2.25in 2.5in 2.75in 3.0in 3.25in 3.5in 3.75in 4.0in 4.25in 4.5in 4.75in 5.0in 5.25in 5.5in 5.75in 6.0in 6.25in 6.5in 6.75in 7.0in 7.25in 7.5in 7.75in 8.0in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Internationally debating if should be considered genocide. <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; tabstops: .25in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.25in 1.5in 1.75in 2.0in 2.25in 2.5in 2.75in 3.0in 3.25in 3.5in 3.75in 4.0in 4.25in 4.5in 4.75in 5.0in 5.25in 5.5in 5.75in 6.0in 6.25in 6.5in 6.75in 7.0in 7.25in 7.5in 7.75in 8.0in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In 2004 U.S labeled it genocide according to conditions of genocide convention. · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Convention created to stop violence but has not done anything. · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Civil war between Islamic gov’t and SLA and JEM groups. The groups attacked military base which forced gov’t to attack. · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Conflict has been going on for decades between Arab Africans; close to peace negotiations made by IGAD but attacks made it hard to find peace. · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Sudanese gov’t armed Arabs to not let Africans dominate the region. The Arab militia is targeting not only the rebels but also innocent because they could be influenced to rebel.

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Summary ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">The genocide of Darfur has been an on-going conflict among the people. The Arabs and Africans have always debated about the land, but the government favored the Arabs and provided them with weapons to attack the Africans. This is the base of the genocide and the reason for the violence in Darfur.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Source: [|Darfur & Genocide Debate]

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"> ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">CCQs ** · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Government didn’t treat blacks fairly but the actual war was started by rebel groups. The ICC doesn’t seem to focus on the crossfire but they are only resolving the human rights’ problem. · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">World blames on president because they hear of the massive killing by the government but do not tell the killing of the rebel groups on innocent, along with gangster Arabs. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Main Ideas ** · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Feb. 2010: JEM and Sudan government preparing to sign a treaty to cease fire. · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">SLA and JEM attack Arabs in 2003 because felt gov’t favored Arabs over blacks. · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Gov’t refuse connection between them and Janjaweed. · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">From genocide, millions dead and others confined in camps because of attackers patrolling the outside. · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Jul 2008 ICC call for arrest of president Bashir due to crimes during genocide. · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">ICC puts most of blame on Bashir but rebel groups held responsible for small portion of blame. Turned down some cases against rebel groups for lack of evidence but remain the trial against Bashir. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">This source shows the world is against the government and believe the actions they took in fighting the rebel groups was not justified because the government was violating the human rights of the black Sudanese people. Though it acknowledges that both sides took part in the destruction of Sudan and the rebel groups started the physical combat, it still sides against the government because they only fought to protect their rights and the government is massively killing the people of Darfur. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Source: [|Sudan's Darfur Conflict]